The road to recovery for medium-term growth, the industry will be driven by more fundamental factors such as GDP growth and the pace at which countries return to their pre-crisis levels. After the slump of 2020, the European economies are expected to recover gradually, with France and Germany returning to pre-crisis GDP levels in 2022 and Spain, Italy, and the UK later.  The recovery in international travel could also speed up due to vaccination certificates or passports that would document the health status of travelers.